CRT for high-grade AV block with HFrEF — ESC · 2021 recommendation
2021 ESC cardiac pacing and CRT guideline
For high-degree atrioventricular block requiring ventricular pacing in HFrEF with LVEF below 40%, cardiac resynchronization therapy is recommended instead of conventional right-ventricular pacing to reduce morbidity, including when atrial fibrillation is present.
Class of Recommendation
Class I
Level of Evidence
Level A
Last source-check date
2026-08-23
Exact source location
Recommendation for patients with heart failure and atrioventricular block, p. 3464
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- Last source-check date
- 2026-08-23
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Verification status & editorial record
Status: Prepared source record — reviewer provenance not documented.
Last source-check: 2026-08-23
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Verification boundary: This concise reference is limited to a prepared source recommendation. Verify the official document, local protocol, and patient context before application.