Baseline ECG and biomarkers before immunotherapy — ESC · 2022 recommendation
2022 ESC cardio-oncology guideline
Before immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy, obtain an ECG plus natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin measurements in every patient.
Class of Recommendation
Class I
Level of Evidence
Level B
Last source-check date
2026-08-23
Exact source location
Recommendation Table 15, baseline assessment during immunotherapy, p. 4274
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- 2026-08-23
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Verification status & editorial record
Status: Prepared source record — reviewer provenance not documented.
Last source-check: 2026-08-23
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Verification boundary: This concise reference is limited to a prepared source recommendation. Verify the official document, local protocol, and patient context before application.